Lectures 2007 ESHEP

The lecture aims at explaining the construction and use of diagrammatic techniques to be used in perturbation theory for particle phenomenology. It covers the following topics:
* quantum field theory in 0+0 dimensions, leading to the concept of perturbation theory and Feynman diagrams
* extension to more-dimensional Euclidean and Minkowskian field theories
* Particle interpretation: classical kinematics, antimatter, CPT theorem
* Phenomenology: lifetimes, cross sections, unitarity
* Spin-1/2 and spin-1 particles and Feynman rules
* The Electroweak Standard Model

Reading list: any good field theory textbook the student feels comfortable with is useful.
The books by Cheng & Li, or by Peskin & Schroeder, are good choices.

1. Basics: QCD
Feynman rules
the running coupling constant
measurements of alpha_S
tree-level calculations

2. Basics: partons
basic parton model ideas for DIS
scaling violation & DGLAP
parton distribution functions

3. Application to hadron colliders
hard scattering and basic kinematics
the Drell Yan process in the parton model
order alpha_S corrections to DY, singularities, factorisation
examples of other hard processes and their phenomenology
parton luminosity functions
uncertainties in the calculations

4. Beyond fixed-order inclusive cross sections
Sudakov logs and resummation
parton showering models (basic concepts only!)
the role of non-perturbative contributions: intrinsic kT, underlying event/minimum bias contributions
theoretical frontiers: exclusive production of Higgs

- QCD and Collider Physics - R.K. Ellis, W.J. Stirling and B.R. Webber,
Cambridge Monographs on Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics and Cosmology, vol. 8,
Cambridge University Press 1996, ISBN 0 52158189 3 http://www.cambridge.org/uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521545897

- Handbook of Perturbative QCD - G. Sterman et al (CTEQ Collaboration) www.phys.psu.edu/~cteq/

- Hard Interactions of Quarks and Gluons: a Primer for LHC Physics - J.M. Campbell, J.W. Huston, W.J. Stirling - Rept .Prog. Phys. 70:89, 2007 - e-Print: hep-ph/0611148 (www.pa.msu.edu/~huston/seminars/Main.pdf)

Thomas MANNEL: Flavour Physics

Lecture 1: Flavour in the Standard Model
- Review of Higgs Sector a Yukawa Couplings
- Quark Mixing and CKM
- Seesaw Mechanism, Lepton Masses and Mixing
- CP Violation in the Standard Model
- Peculiarities of Flavour in the Standard Model

Lecture 2: Theoretical Tools in Flavour Physics
- Heavy mass limit
- Heavy Quark Effective Theory
- Heavy Mass Expansion
- Flavour Symmetries
- QCD Factorization and Soft Collinear Effective theory
- Other Methods: Lattice QCD and QCD Sum Rules

Lecture 3: Flavour Phenomenology
- Overview over the Flavour Experiments
- Non-CKM Results (Lifetimes, Branching ratios etc.)
- Determination of CKM Parameters: V_ud and V_us
- Determination of CKM Parameters: V_cb and V_ub
- Results on CP violation
- Overall CKM fits

Lecture 4: Flavour and CP beyond the Standard Model
- General Remarks on SUSY and related models
- Grand Unification and Flavour Symmetries
- Minimal Flavour Violation
- General Properties of a possible Flavour Symmetry
- Models of the Froggatt-Nielsen Type

Reading list:

- Standard Model and related topics - J.F. Donoghue, E. Golowich and B.R. Holstein, ``Dynamics of The Standard Model'' - Camb.\ Monogr.\ Part.\ Phys.\ Nucl.\ Phys.\ Cosmol.\ {\bf 2} (1992) 1.
- Calculational Techniques in Effective Field Theories: G. Buchalla, A.J. Buras and M.E. Lautenbacher,``Weak Decays Beyond Leading Logarithms'' - Rev.\ Mod.\ Phys.\ {\bf 68} (1996) 1125 [arXiv:hep-ph/9512380].
- CP Violation: I.I.Y. Bigi and A.I. Sanda, ``CP violation'' - Camb.\ Monogr.\ Part.\ Phys.\ Nucl.\ Phys.\ Cosmol.\ {\bf 9} (2000) 1.
- Heavy Mass Limit: A.V. Manohar and M.B. Wise, ``Heavy quark physics'' - Camb.\ Monogr.\ Part.\ Phys.\ Nucl.\ Phys.\ Cosmol.\ {\bf 10} (2000) 1.

The title of the Course is "Beyond the Standard Model". I shall cover topics such as:

I. Why go beyond the Standard Model. Why we believe that LHC will discover "New Physics".
II. Grand Unified Theories. Structure and general properties. Models. A possible origin of nutrino masses. The hierarchy problem.
III. Supersymmetry. The field theory. Supersummetry breaking. Models. Predictions.
IV. Other conceivable "New Physics".
V. Quantum Gravity. Supergravity. Superstrings. Possible signs at LHC.

I had given a course with the same title at the 2002 European School in Pylos. (CERN Yellow Report CERN-2004-001). Although I shall not cover precisely the same topics, the notes can serve as a good introduction.

* My lecture notes "Grand Unified Theories", in: "Physics of the Early Universe", ed. by J.A. Peacock et al. A NATO Advanced Study Institute, Edinburg 1989, Published by the Scottish Universities Summer Schools in Physics.
* On Supersymmetry-Supergravity see, in particular, J.Wess and J.Bagger: "Supersymmetry and Supergravity" Princeton Univ. Press, 1983.
* On Superstrings see again proceedings of most recent Summer Schools , for example, Cargese 1999. Lectures by E.Kiritsis, hep-ph/9911525

Lecture 1: Basic Cosmology (Universe Observed, FRW model, Thermal History and Cosmological Parameters). Reading: The Early Universe, Kolb and Turner

Lecture 2: Cosmic Acceleration (Evidence, Models for Dark Energy, Modified Gravity, Probes of Dark Energy). Reading: Huterer/Turner, astro-ph/0012510, Copeland et al, hep-th/0603057; Turner/Huterer, arXiv: 0706.2186, Albrecht et al, astro-ph/0609591

Lecture 3: Inflationary Cosmology (Motivations, Models, Evidence, Challenges). Reading: The Early Universe, Kolb and Turner; Turner, astro-ph/9704062; 0212281

Lecture 4: Dark Matter, CMB and Large Scale Structure. Dodelson, Modern Cosmology; Hu: http://background.uchicago.edu/~whu/physics/physics.htm

Lecture 2: Huterer/Turner, astro-ph/0012510, Copeland et al, hep-th/0603057;
Turner/Huterer, arXiv: 0706.2186, Albrecht et al, astro-ph/0609591

Lecture 3: The Early Universe, Kolb and Turner; Turner, astro-ph/9704062; 0212281

1. Soft particle production in heavy ion collisions and how one establishes collective behavior

2. Hard particle production in heavy ion collisions and how it depends on the "medium"

3. String theory and hot matter: what may learn from studying "parallel universes"  

1.) A. Bialas et al. Nucl. Phys. B111 (1976) 461 - N. Borghini and J.Y. Ollitrault, Phys.Rev.C63:054906,2001.
2.) A. Kovner and U.A. Wiedemann - hep-ph/0304151 - Eskola et al. Nucl.Phys.A747:511-529,2005.
3.) H. Liu, K. Rajagopal, U.A. Wiedemann , hep-ph/0612168 - C.P. Herzog et al., JHEP 0607:013,2006. – J. Casalderrey-Solana and D.Teaney, Phys.Rev.D74:085012,2006)